Diovan (valsartan)

DIOVAN (valsartan) – an angiotensin II receptor antagonist (ARB)commonly used to treat hypertension or heart failure. Angiotensin II is the principal pressor agent of the renin-angiotensin system, with effects that include vasoconstriction, stimulation of synthesis and release of aldosterone, cardiac stimulation, and renal reabsorption of sodium. Diovan (valsartan) blocks the vasoconstrictor and aldosterone-secreting effects of angiotensin II by selectively blocking the binding of angiotensin II to the AT1 receptor in many tissues, such as vascular smooth muscle and the adrenal gland.

FDA approved uses: Diovan is indicated for Treatment of hypertension, to lower blood pressure. Lowering blood pressure reduces the risk of fatal and nonfatal cardiovascular events, primarily strokes and myocardial infarctions; Treatment of heart failure (NYHA class II-IV); Diovan significantly reduced hospitalization for heart failure; Reduction of cardiovascular mortality in clinically stable patients with left ventricular failure or left ventricular dysfunction following myocardial infarction.

Available dosage forms: Tablets – 40 (scored), 80, 160 and 320 mg.

Usual dosage: Adult Hypertension – starting: 80 or 160 mg once daily, range: 80-320 mg once daily; Pediatric Hypertension (616 years) – starting- 1.3 mg/kg once daily (up to 40 mg total), range: 1.3-2.7 mg/kg once daily (up to 40-160 mg total). Heart Failure – starting: 40 mg twice daily, range: 40-160 mg twice daily, target dose: 160 mg twice daily; Post-Myocardial Infarction – starting: 20 mg twice daily, range: 20-160 mg twice daily, target dose:160 mg.
Contraindications: Known hypersensitivity to any component; Do not co-administer aliskiren with Diovan in patients with diabetes.

Special warnings: Fetal Toxicity – When pregnancy is detected, discontinue Diovan as soon as possible. Drugs that act directly on the renin-angiotensin system can cause injury and death to the developing fetus.

Adverse reactions (side effects) of these medications: The most common side effects of Diovan seen in clinical trials vary based on the condition being studied: Hypertension – most common adverse reactions are headache, dizziness, viral infection, fatigue and abdominal pain. Heart Failure – most common adverse reactions are dizziness, hypotension, diarrhea, arthralgia, back pain, fatigue and hyperkalemia. Post-Myocardial Infarction – Most common adverse reactions which caused patients to discontinue therapy are hypotension, cough and increased blood creatinine.

Common drug interactions: Potassium sparing diuretics, potassium supplements or salt substitutes may lead to increases in serum potassium, and in heart failure patients, increases in serum creatinine. NSAID use may lead to increased risk of renal impairment and loss of antihypertensive effect. Dual inhibition of the renin-angiotensin system: Increased risk of renal impairment, hypotension, and hyperkalemia.

Special instructions for patients: Use Diovan exactly as prescribed by physician. Women of child bearing age who are should discuss treatment options with their doctor before beginning treatment. Tell your doctor if you have any of the following conditions: allergies, a heart condition, liver problems, or kidney problems. Consult official Medication Guide for details on all of the warnings and precautions for using this medication.

Full prescribing information may be found at the manufacturer‘s official website Diovan.com or at the U.S. Food and Drug Administration’s website at Diovan Info at Drugs@FDA

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